⇨ What have we eaten?Įr hat ein Bild gemacht. The accusative case gives answer to “What?” ( was?), “Who?” ( wen?) and “Where?” ( wohin?) question. The accusative case describes the person, the animal or the thing that is directly affected by the predicate of the sentence. Note: in the genitive case, -s is added to masculine and neuter nouns ending in: en, el or er.Īnd -es is added to the most masculine and neuter nouns of one syllable ending in a consonant. There are several prepositions, which are always used with Dative case: The dative case marks the indirect object of a verb and answers the question “Whom?” ( wem?)Įr hilft die Mutter beim Putzen. ⇨ Whose bag is black?ĭas Haus des Mannes ist hoch. The genitive case is German language answers to question “Whose?” ( wessen?) and is used to show relations of possession/belonging.ĭie Tasche der Frau ist schwarz. The nominative case answers to questions “Who?” ( wer?) and “What?” ( was?).Įs ist eine schöne Blume. The cases in German language affect the changes in endings of adjectives, indefinite articles and also the use of personal pronouns. German language has only 4 cases: nominative, genitive, dative and accusative. The indirect objects in the sentence are marked with dative case. The accusative case deals with direct objects. It is also could be combined with the accusative or dative cases. The objective case is used for pronouns, which function as objects. Objective case (Pronomi diretti, forma tonica) The nominative case in Italian language (also called subjective) marks the subject in a sentence. All the cases in Italian language are conveyed by prepositions and pronouns in one of their grammatical forms. In Italian language there are four cases, that describe functions of nouns, pronouns and noun phrases, marking whether they are the subject or a subordinate object in the clause. Possessive case of English nouns is formed by the addition of an apostrophe with or without adding an “s”:īob Miller’s house, Martha’s book, students’ tests. In the table 1 you will find cases of English pronouns. A pronoun, however, changes its form in all the cases, so it requires addional attention. Over time, they lost value and merged into subjective (nominative), objective (accusative) and possessive (genitive) cases in modern English language.Ī noun does not change its form in any of the cases except of the possessive case. In Old English there were nominative, vocative, genitive, dative, accusative, and instrumental cases of nouns. The main object of theoretical grammar different lanuages are case categories of nouns (and other substantive words, such as pronouns, cardinal numerals etc), which have complicated system of functions and meanings. However, there are cases of semantically degenerate syntactic relations, when a case does not bear any meaning and expresses only the fact of syntactical relation of inflected word with other element (elements) of the sentence structure. Syntactic relations that are expressed by a case, usually have semantic and sometimes communicative meaning. The case expresses the semantic relation of the word to other words in the sentence. Listen to the videos as many times you want.A grammar category of case is represented in different languages by the inflected forms of a noun, adjective, pronoun or prepositions, as well as with the certain word order in a sentence. And it is even getting better because you can gain free access to our online courses ( Basic Course and Advanced Course) or a free private video lesson on Skype if you succeed one of our German challenges. Learn German from the comfort of your home and that too free of cost. So no more spending money for costly German language classes, no more travelling to an institute. Here you have the table for the German cases from the video:Ĭomment if you have questions or feedback and get your doubt cleared instantly! So let’s dive into everything you’ll ever need to know to understand the cases in German. By the end of this video, you’ll have a clear understanding of the German case system. In this video you’ll learn what the different cases are and when to use them. But there are a few rules that can help you along the way. The German cases may seem intimidating at first. It gets even more complicated when translating “the.” When do you use der, die, das, den, or dem? Maybe you’ve noticed a variety of possibilities to translate “a” such as ein, eine, einer, einen, or einem. As you learn German, have you ever noticed how the German language doesn’t have a one-word equivalent for “a,” or “the?”
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